O
o'clock
［误］ It's ten past five o'clock.
［正］ It's ten past five.
［析］ o'clock所表达的时间是正点，如果要表达的时间是几点几分或差几分几点都不能用o'clock.
once
［误］ Please come and see me once.
［正］ Please come and see me one day.
［析］ once用来谈论过去的事情，而不能谈论未来。如果要谈及未来要用one day, some time等。
［误］ I met him one time when I was a student.
［正］ I met him once when I was a student.
［析］ 英语中一次应用once而不用one time，二次要用twice而不用two times.
one
［误］ My grandfather wants to live for hundred years.
［正］ My grandfather wants to live for one hundred years.
［误］ He threw away the old dictionary and wanted to buy new one.
［正］ He threw away the old dictionary and wanted to buy a new one.
［误］ His dog is bigger than my one.
［正］ His dog is bigger than mine.
［析］ 一般物主代词之后不用one，除非one前有修饰词，如my old one， 否则要用名词性物主代词。
［误］ One of the teacher is in the office.
［误］ One of the teachers are in the office.
［正］ One of the teachers is in the office.
［析］ One是句子的主语，其谓语动词应用单数，而of后面的名词要用复数名词。
［误］ One third of the books is sent to the students.
［正］ One third of the books are sent to the students.
［析］ 几分之几或百分之几这一结构用在主语位置，其谓语动词要与of后面的名词一致，如Two thirds of the work is done.
open
［误］ Are the banks opened today?
［正］ Are the banks open today?
［析］ 要注意open即可用作动词、名词，还可以用作形容词，而close则不同。请看： Are the banks closed today?这一句是正确的。
or
［误］ He doesn't drink and smoke.
［正］ He doesn't drink or smoke.
［析］ 否定句中的并列连词要用or而不用and.
［误］ He neither drinks or smokes.
［正］ He neither drinks nor smokes.
other
［误］ Where are the others students?
［正］ Where are the other students?
［正］ Where are the others?
［析］ other作形容词时没有复数形式，且作为泛指讲时没有定冠词，如： Ask some other eople. 而加定冠词后为特指。 the other可在句中作主语、宾语或定语，如： Now let me show you the other. (宾语) He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a teacher. (主语) others 只能作代词，而the others则为特指，如： There are five books. Two of them are not good. I like the others.
out
［误］ She went out the classroom, taking a dictionary with her.
［正］ She went out of the classroom, taking a dictionary with her.
［析］ out of是指"从……里出来"，使用时不要将of丢掉。
P
paper
［误］ Please give me two letter papers.
［正］ Please give me two sheets of letter paper.
［析］ paper作为纸讲为不可数名词。
［误］ Each student must write paper on what he learned.
［正］ Each student must write a paper on what he learned.
［析］ 这里的paper作为论文讲，是可数名词。paper的这种用法还可以用于证件、报纸、考卷等。
parent
［误］ My parents and I are both interested in football.
［正］ My parents and I are all interested in football.
［析］ parents即为父母、双亲，指两个人，加上自己为三个人，所以只能用all而不能用both.
pass
［误］ The ship pasted the channel.
［正］ The ship passed the channel.
［析］ pass为动词，而past则为副词，不要混淆，如： My father has been ill for the past two weeks. All the students passed the exam.
pay
［误］ Please help me do this job, and I will pay for you later.
［正］ Please help me do this job and I will pay you later.
［析］ 为某工作付给工人工资应为pay somebody, 而pay for something是为某物付款，如： You can buy all the things you want. I'll pay for those.
people
［误］ There are five hundred peoples here.
［正］ There are five hundred people here.
［误］ There is only one people.
［正］ There is only one person.
［误］ People there is friendly.
［正］ People there are friendly.
［析］ people作为人讲时为复数名词，如要讲一个人应用one person, 而不能用people, 讲若干人时用people而不能加s，这样的用法还有police(警察)等，这些概念用单数时要换其他的词. 如： people－a person; police－policeman policewoman; youth－a young man/woman.
picture
［误］ There are some spots in the picture.
［正］ There are some spots on the picture.
［误］ There is a young woman on the picture.
［正］ There is a young woman in the picture.
［析］ 指溅落在画面上的灰尘，污物是on the picture，即讲与画面内容无关的东西用on，而in the picture用于讲画面的内容。
pity
［误］ What pity that her mother must always suffer!
［正］ What a pity that her mother must always suffer!
［析］ pity作为遗憾之事讲常加不定冠词；但要注意作为同情、怜悯讲则不加冠词，为不可数名词，如： I feel pity for you. 它还可以用作动词，如： He pitied the poor people.
［误］ I have pity for you.
［正］ I have pity on you.
［析］ 可怜某人时应用have (take) pity on somebody，这是个惯用法。
place
［误］ Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to another.
［正］ Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to place (from one place to another).
［析］ 到处译为英文时为from place to place请不要在place之前加冠词。这种用法在有些语法书中叫作零冠词用法，如：一户挨一户为door by door，手拉手为hand in hand.
［误］ The accident was taken place in that street.
［正］ The accident took place in that street.
［析］ take place为发生，它不能用于被动态，这样的词还有happen等。
［误］ There is no place in the bus.
［正］ There is no room in the bus.
［析］ room这里为不可数名词，意为空间，即没有地方了。place多指场所所在之地。
［误］ I came here to take place of Mr Smith.
［正］ I came here to take the place of Mr Smith.
［析］ take the place of 意为代替、取代某人某事。
play
［误］ Do you want to play guitar?
［正］ Do you want to play the guitar?
［误］ I like to play the bridge.
［正］ I like to play bridge(桥牌).
［析］ play作为玩讲时，在各种乐器前要加冠词，在各种体育运动前则没有冠词。
please
［误］ My friend pleased me to his birthday party yesterday.
［正］ My friend invited me to his birthday party yesterday.
［误］ Both the teacher and the mother were pleased to the little girl.
［正］ Both the teacher and the mother were pleased with the little girl.
［析］ 对某人表示满意、喜欢，应用be pleased with somebody. 对某事感到高兴和满意时多用be pleased at或about，但有时也可用with，却不能用of.
pleasure
［误］ The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasures.
［正］ The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasure.
［析］ pleasure作为高兴、愉快、享乐、娱乐 讲时为不可数名词。
［误］ It is pleasure to work with you.
［正］ It is a pleasure to work with you.
［析］ pleasure作为一件或某件乐事、高兴之事讲时为 可数名词，如： It is one of my pleasures.
police
［误］ The police has not found the cause of the accident.
［正］ The police have not found the cause of the accident.
［析］ police为复数名词，它没有单数形式。如果要讲一个警察 要用a policeman，两个要用two policemen，或a policewoman, two policewomen.
prepare
［误］ I'm preparing the exam.
［正］ I'm preparing for the exam.
［误］ We'll return in time for you to prepare for dinner.
［正］ We'll return in time for you to prepare dinner.
［析］ prepare既是及物动词，又是不及物动词。作及物动词时 其后面所跟的事物是正在 准备的；而作不及物动词时for后面的事物是目标。如： I'm preparing for the exam. 应
译为我正在为考试做准备。同样的用法还有search与search for.
present
［误］ Don't worry. I can present the meeting.
［正］ Don't worry. I can be present at the meeting.
［析］ present作为出席、在场讲时，是形容词而不应 用作动词。其动词意为 送给;赠给;提出，如： The reporter presented arguments of his idea.
put
［误］ She put off her red dress and put on the green one.
［正］ She took off her red dress and put on the green on e.
［析］ 与put连用的介词很多，一般来讲on与off是一对相反的意 义的介词，如： turn on (打开)，turn off(关上)，穿衣服是put on，但脱衣服却只能用take off,而put o ff是推迟、使某人下车、关掉之意，如： They put off the exam because t he national holiday. (因国家假日而推迟考期。)Could you put me off at the Town Ha ll. (请在市政厅让我下车。)Please put off the wireless before you leave. (走之前 请关掉无线电。)
Ｒ
radio
［误］ There are two radioes in the classroom.
［正］ There are two radios in the classroom.
［误］ I heard the weather report through the radio.
［正］ I heard the weather report on the radio.
［析］ 在收音机中听到某事应为hear something on the ra dio，听收音机应为l isten to the radio. 这样的用法还有电视，看电视为watch TV，讲在电视上看见什么节目为watch…on TV，如： I'm watching the football match on TV. 但注意，作为 一种通信手段时应为by radio, 如： Police are talking to each other by radio. rain
［误］ There is a small rain falling.
［正］ There is a light rain falling.
［误］ There is a big rain.
［正］ There is a heavy rain.
［析］ 大雨在英文中应为a heavy rain, rain cats and do gs 为倾盆大雨，小雨为a light rain. 千万不要讲a big rain 或a small rain. 当作动词讲时，雨下得很 大可译为： It rains very much now/hard now/heavily now.
reach
［误］ We reached to the town very late.
［正］ We reached the town very late.
［析］ reach作为到达讲是及物动词，而arrive为不及物动词。但要注意reach的词组 搭配，如reach for， 为伸手去拿，如： The thief reached for the gun. reach ou t伸出手，如： He reached out and took an interesting book.
ready
［误］ You must ready at once.
［正］ You must be ready at once.
［析］ ready为形容词，而不像中文中准备为动词。
remember
［误］ I didn't remember closing the door, so the thief c ame into the room directly.
［正］ I didn't remember to close the door, so the thief came into the room directly.
［析］ remember其后接动名词，动名词所表示的动作已经做完， 如： I don't remember meeting you. 其后如接不定式，不定式表达的动作还没有去做，如： Do remember to tur n off the light before you leave.
rest
［误］ The rest of the students is girls.
［正］ The rest of the students are girls.
［析］ rest作剩余部分讲时，the rest of…结构作主语时其谓语动词应与of后面的名词的数保持一致。这种用法还有1/3 of, 80% of等。
［误］ The rest of the work are done.
［正］ The rest of the work is done.
return
［误］ My friends returned back to their second home town .
［正］ My friends returned to their second home town.
［析］ return即为返回，所以back是多余的。这句话还可以表述为： My friends went back to their second home town.
rice
［误］ We had a few rice and some bread.
［正］ We had a little rice and some bread.
［析］ rice为物质名词，为不可数名词。
rice
［误］ We had a few rice and some bread.
［正］ We had a little rice and some bread.
［析］ rice为物质名词，为不可数名词。
rich
［误］ The country is rich of oil.
［正］ The country is rich in oil.
［析］ be rich in 为盛产……。
［误］ The rich is not always happy.
［正］ The rich are not always happy.
［析］ 形容词加定冠词表示一类人，作主语时要作复数看待。
［误］ All his riches is no good to him if he is so ill.
［正］ All his riches are no good to him if he is so ill.
［析］ riches为财富，是复数名词，没有单数形式。像这 样的词还有goods(货物)，greens(青菜)，manners(礼貌)等。
river
［误］ We like swimming on the river.
［正］ We like swimming in the river.
［误］ We like boating in the river.
［正］ We like boating on the river.
［析］ 游泳用in the river，而在湖中划船要用on the river.
room
［误］ There are already three people sitting on the sofa , please try to make a room for her.
［正］ There are already three people sitting on the sofa , please try to make room for her.
［析］ room作为空间讲时为不可数名词。leave room for… 为给某人留点空地； make room for…为让位给某人，如： The young man made room for an old woman.
run
［误］ I ran across with an old friend at the school gate .
［正］ I ran across an old friend at the school gate.
［析］ run across 为偶然相遇。
［误］ The truck ran across the cat.
［正］ The truck ran over the cat.
［析］ run over为从……上辗过。
［误］ Yesterday I ran to a storm on my way home.
［正］ Yesterday I ran into a storm on my way home.
［析］ run into为撞上或撞在……上。T
take
[误] This year I want to take the driver's license.
[正] This year I want to get the driver's license.
[析] take可以作为动词,意为"拿"、"取",如: I want to take my mail. 而要获得某种证书、证明,要用get而不用take, take在学校范围内意为"参加"或"选修"某些课程,如: This term I want to take both French and Spanish.
[误] The accident was taken place at the street corner.
[正] The accident took place at the street corner.
[析] take place与happen一样作为"发生"讲时没有被动语态。
[误] Do you take me as a fool?
[正] Do you take me for a fool?
[析] take…for…意为"以为是……"、"错当作……"、"误认为",而这一意思还可以用于I took you to be the best friend. (我把你认作是最好的朋友。)
[误] My English teacher was ill. Who will take place her?
[正] My English teacher was ill. Who will take the place of her?
[析] take the place of…意为"取代"。
talk
[误] Yesterday I met an old friend. We talked many things.
[正] Yesterday I met an old friend. We taked about many things.
[析] talk是不及物动词。
team [误] Our team likes seeing film.
[正] Our team like seeing film.
[析] team与family,class等词一样,指整体时为单数名词。如: Our team is excellent, 而指集体中的个体时要用作复数。
than
[误] They made fewer mistakes this term than they made last lerm.
[正] They made fewer mistakes this term than they did last lerm.
[析] 当一个动作在同一个句子中重复时,第二次要用do来代替,以避免重复。
[误] You make me do more then anybody I know.
[正] You make me do more than anybody I know.
[误] I got into the restroom than someone knocked at the door.
[正] I got into the rest room then someone knocked at the door.
[析] than与then不要误用。
then
[误] We went to the cinema, then went to a Chinese restaurant.
[正] We went to the cinema, and then went to a Chinese restaurant.
[正] We went to the cinema; then went to a Chinese restaurant.
[析] then作"然后"讲时,在then前应加分号而不用逗号,或加逗号用and then,但是如果是倒装句则要用逗号,如: First come Tom, then Mary.
think
[误] I think you are not right.
[正] I don't think you are right.
[析] think在肯定句中与中文的习惯用法是一致的,如: I think you are right. 但在宾语从句是否定意思时,要否定think,如: I don't think you are right.
[误] I think he will come here, do I?
[正] I think he will come here, wont he?
[析] think加宾语从句时,反意疑问句的主语应用宾语从句中的主语,助动词要用宾语从句中的助动词,而肯定还是否定要看主句中的情况决定:如主句用肯定句,则反意疑问句用否定句,反之亦然。
[误] People think very high of his work.
[正] People think very highly of his work.
[析] think highly of为"对某人某事评价很高"。
[误] When we talk about Chinese people we always think the Yellow River.
[正] When we talk about Chinese people we always think about the Yellow River.
[析] think about意为"想起"、"想到"。
thousand
[误] He got thousand of books from a secondhandbook shop.
[正] He got thousands of books from a secondhandbook shop.
[析] 虽然two thousand, three thousand在thousand后都不加s,但thousands of则为"数千",该结构中一定要加s。
through
[误] I had a long distance call with John throught the telephone.
[正] I had a long distance call with John on the telephone.
[误] It took us two hours to walk across the forest.
[正] It took us two hours to walk through the forest.
[析] across是表示在一平面上进行的动作,而through则是用在三维空间的动作。如: The river was frozen, so we could walk across it. I pushed through the crowds to the entrance.
throw
[误] He threw a stone to me.
[正] He threw a stone at me.
[析] "扔"这个词表示方向时要注意他向我扔石头是at me,我向他扔石头则为to him,但throw at还有寻衅之意,如: Stop throwing stones at the cars. 这时不要误用to.
time
[误] The doctor came on time so she was saved.
[正] The doctor came in time so she was saved.
[析] in time为"及时赶到",如: Do you think we can get there in time for the first act. 而on time 意为"准时",如: The train arrived on time.
[误] It is time we go home.
[正] It is time we should go home.
[正] It is time we went home.
[析] "是该作某事的时候了",其句形为: ① It is time for somebody to do something. ② "It is time+从句",从句中用"should+动词原形",或直接用动词的过去式。
[误] Let's hurry. We haven't many times.
[正] Let's hurry. We haven't much time.
[误] I have been to America two times.
[正] I have been to America twice.
[析] time作为"时间"讲时为不可数名词,而作为"次"讲时则是可数名词。但"一次"不是one time,而是once;"二次"不是two times,而是twice;"三次"则是three times.
too
[误] This box is too heavy to lift it.
[正] This box is too heavy to lift.
[析] 在too…to这一结构中,如果主语和不定式的宾语是一致的,则不要重复。
[误] The child is too young not to go to school.
[正] The child is too young to go to school.
[析] too…to这一结构用来表示"太……以致于不能……",但下面的句子则不能照此翻译: I'm too glad to meet you. 应译为"我见到你真太高兴了"。
[误] There is much too noise.
[正] There is too much noise.
[析] "much too+形容词",而"too much+不可数名词"。
[误] You have bought too much tomatoes.
[正] You have bought too many tomatoes.
[析] too many后才加可数名词。
also as well too
trousers
[误] My trouser is getting smaller and smaller.
[正] My trousers are getting smaller and smaller.
[析] 英语中trousers, pants, shorts(短裤),glasses(眼镜)都要用复数形式。
[误] This pair of glasses are very good.
[正] This pair of glasses is very good.
[析] 有了量词a pair of,其后的谓语动词要与量词相一致。如: two pairs of…的谓语动词就要用复数。
try
[误] I tried to send her flowers but it didn't have any effect.
[正] I tried sending her flowers but it didn't have any effect. (我试着给她送花,但没有什么结果。)
[误] Please try understanding it.
[正] Please try to understand it.
[析] "try+动名词"的意思是"试一试",或"做某事看看会发生什么情况",而"try+不定式"表示为达到目的要去做的事。
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